GPS : 48°31'41.5 N   4°45'32.2 W

Access : Leave St-Renan on the D68 road towards Argenton and continue straight. Turn right in front of the harbor towards Landunvez. After 800 m, turn left onto a small road signposted towards the St-Gonvel chapel. Then keep to the right and turn left onto the small road called Hent Sant Gonvel. The chapel appears on the right in the centre of a large grassy enclosure. Park near the entrance of the pen.

    This small chapel a little far from the main road doesn't attract many visitors. This lack of interest is probably due to the fact that it was closed for major restoration work in recent years.
    It is named after Saint Gonvel, a Breton saint who, like many others, is not recognized by the Church. There is no record of its existence. However, we can think that it is the same character as the one who is still venerated under the name of Saint Gonval or Conval in Hanvec, south of Brest. A chapel, now disappeared, was built in the forest of Cranou. This hermit from the Early Middle Ages also lived in the Bois du Gars in L'Hôpital-Camfrout. In the Iroise's country, you can see his name in the one of the town of Plougonvelin. If it is the same saint, we could explain his veneration to Landunvez by imagining that, coming from across the Channel like many other monks, he would have landed on the neighbouring coast. And he would have chosen the dolmen that now bears his name as a place of hermitage.

A truncated chapel:

    With a rectangular plan, the Saint Gonvel chapel has a blind bell tower wall. At the top, the old bell tower, which remained empty for decades, has recently been restored.

Made in the middle of the 19th century, it bears the following inscription:

FAITE EN 1844 POUR LA CHAPELLE DE S GONVEL - PARRAIN M POULLAOUEC MAIRE - ROLLAND RECTEUR - MARRAINE M PRVOST NEE SCANFF ( MADE IN 1844 FOR THE CHAPEL OF S GONVEL - GODFATHER M POULLAOUEC MAYOR - ROLLAND RECTOR - GODMOTHER M PRVOST MAIDEN NAME SCANFF )

And further on: VIEL , probably the signature of the founder.

At the other end of the building, one can see the trace of a large Gothic arch whose interior has been walled up.

This obturation is not recent since it shelters the medieval remains of another opening, smaller, with trilobate arches, also walled. The large stone arch above it is not an old window since it goes all the way to the ground.

It was therefore originally either the main entrance to the building, or inside the building a diaphragm arch that allowed access to a part of the chapel that had disappeared.
The first hypothesis would place the altar to the west, along the bell tower wall. It is therefore unlikely, as the altar is always placed in the east except in cases of force majeure.
This suggests that the building has been truncated. And the architecture of the small window would take these works back to around the 16th century. The installation of an altarpiece is probably the reason why this opening was also walled up.

The entrance to the building is located on the south side of the building, between two pieces of Gallic stelae that may have supported crosses. In the same commune, further north, near the chapel of Saint-Samson, a Christianized stele bears an engraved inscription: TP ST GONVEL 1757. These small Iron Age monuments have often been moved.

Above the door, in a niche, an enigmatic head awaits the visitor.

Its state of erosion indicates that it has long been exposed to the elements. It could therefore have come from a mutilated statue whose location is unknown.

Inside :

    Hiding the entire back wall, the present altarpiece is a remarkable work, a gigantic trompe l'oeil painting on colourful woodwork that creates a pleasant and playful atmosphere. At the very top, at the level of a barrel vault panelled and coloured in bright blue, there is a theatre curtain raised in the Italian style around a central cross. Supported by two coloured pilasters, it opens onto a wide pediment in a classic style.

  The pediment surmounts a bucolic frieze composed of floral garlands and birds.

   False marble, trompe-l'oeil niches, we are immersed in a completely fashionable reconstruction at the beginning of Romanticism.

   In front of the painted niches, three statuettes rest on a support that can still be seen.

They represent Saint Gonvel as a monk, a Virgin and Child and a Christ showing his wounds to Saint Thomas. These statues have long been housed in the town church and the chapel of Kersaint.

   The curved tomb altar is also painted.

The Kersaint chapel has an identical high altar and the same floral decorations.

And on the ceiling we discover the angelic faces of an entire family around two hearts in love.

  The chapel thus bears the traces of an evolution that extends over several centuries. We will see that on the outside we go back even further in the past.

   The monumental calvary, in steps, similar to that of Saint-Mathieu Headland, probably dates back to the Middle Ages. He sits in the middle of this space, which is none other than the old cemetery surrounding the chapel. This building truncated in the 16th century, was probably preceded by an even older building.
But that's not all : let's look at the southeast corner of the building.

  Two long stones are arranged at the base of this corner. The one below is a Gallic stele. If we take the trouble to observe it closely, we can even see engravings.

The reuse of a pagan stele as the cornerstone of a chapel is not at all by chance. It reflects the desire to Christianize an ancestral place of worship. More details on this stele can be found in the archaeological remains section of this website.

  -1- An Internet user gives us a more likely interpretation :

It could be a representation, very common in the 19th century ( if the painting dates back to that time ), of the Sacred Heart of Jesus as it illustrates the feast of the same name instituted by the Church in 1856. This feast, celebrated on the third Friday after Pentecost, in 2020 on June 19, has its origins in the 17th century apparitions of Jesus to Saint Marguerite-Marie Alacoque, a nun from the Convent of the Visitation at Paray-Le-Monial. Devotion to the Sacred Heart was very lively in the 19th century and led to the construction of basilicas bearing this name ( Paris, Marseille...) The Sacred Heart of Jesus is represented surmounted by a cross and surrounded by a crown of thorns. It is often depicted coupled with the Immaculate Heart of Mary which is celebrated by the Church on the Saturday following the feast of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. The crown of roses is one of the emblems of Mary (hence the Rosary) and we can think that the pierced heart is an illustration of the Gospel of Saint Luke "and you yourself a sword will pierce your soul" (Luke 2, 35)
(Luke 2, 35). Elisabeth Bernard-Bordes

Thank you to this Internet user and to Mr Amaury du Chéné, President of the association Pour la sauvegarde des chapelles de Landunvez, for his help and his loans of documents.

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READ MORE

Landunvez, Saint Gonvel, a truncated chapel   by Yves-Pascal CASTEL. Article published in Le Courrier du Léon et du Tréguier dated 16 March 1991.

  The legend of Saint Gonval   by Léontine DRAPIER-CADEC. Published in Les Cahiers de l'Iroise n°26 April-June 1960.

Make a donation for the restoration of the altarpiece:
              Participation of Internet users